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제1회 무진학술상 수상작

Skanda, The Multifaceted God: Skanda in Korean Buddhism and Beyond

위태천의 다양한 변모: 한국불교 그리고 보다 넓은 아시아적 관점에서

김수정

Sujung Kim

드포대학교 종교학과 부교수
Associate Professor of Religious Studies, DePauw University
31 March 2021. pp. 51-96
PDF Citation
Abstract
This article focuses on the worship of Skanda in Korean Buddhism, particularly Skanda depicted in Sinjung t’aenghwa (the Paintings of the Guardian Deities). In order to contextualize this complex pan-Asian god, the article tackles two different and yet related issues: while it chronologically presents Skanda’s transformation in Korean Buddhsm, the discussion also weaves Skanda with other Asian traditions to explain the functional aspects of Skanda worship that are cross-culturally found across time. The article demonstrates that even though a sinified version of Skanda worship dominated in Korean Buddhism, Korean interpretations of Skanda made significant connections with the Indian leitmotif of Skanda while adding new local interpretations of the deity. It further shows that the dominant presence of Skanda also indicates the centrality of the celestial deities (Skt. deva) in the Korean Buddhist pantheon and beyond.
Keywords
Skanda
Sinjung t’aenghwa
deva
Chosŏn Buddhism
Tongjin Posal
East Asian Buddhism
Buddhist mythology
본고는 조선후기 신중탱화에서 중요하게 부각된 위태천의 도상을 중심으로 하여, 한국 불교에서의 위태천 신앙에 대해 고찰한다. 보다 구체적으로, 한편으로는 한국불교 내에서 어떻게 위태천 신앙의 변모해 왔는지에 대해 살펴보며, 이와 동시에 또 다른 한편으로는 지역적, 시간적 영역을 교차하며 위태천의 신격이 어떤 종교적 상징성을 갖고 기능해 왔는지를 다른 아시아 지역에서 보이는 스칸다의 예를 살피며 (인도, 중앙아시아, 중국, 일본) 비교 고찰한다. 이와 같은 분석을 통해, 공시적 관점에서 중국화된 위태천 신앙이 한국의 위태천 신앙과 도상에 큰 영향을 끼쳤고 조선시대 신중탱화에서 중요한 신격으로 변모하는데 기여를 했지만, 통시적 관점에서 보았을 때는 고대 인도 스칸다에서부터 찾을 수 있는 위태천의 상징성과 종교적 역할 또한 조선후기 신중탱화 속에서 찾을 수 있음을 밝힌다. 또한 이 논문은 위태천이 단순한 호법 신중의 하나로 기존에 이해되어 온 것과는 달리, 불교 뿐 아니라 한국의 다른 종교 전통, 그리고 아시아에서의 불교 전통 전체에서 볼 때, 중요한 신앙의 한 축을 이루었음을 살핀다.
키워드
위태천
신중탱화
천부
조선 불교
동진보살
동아시아 불교
불교 신화
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Association of Buddhist Studies
  • Publisher(Ko) :불교학연구회
  • Journal Title :Korea Journal of Buddhist Studies
  • Journal Title(Ko) :불교학연구
  • Volume : 66
  • No :0
  • Pages :51-96
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.21482/jbs.66..20213.51
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