Korean Journal of Buddhist Studies ISSN:1598-0642(Print) 불교학연구

This study critically examines the Magoksa Sajeok to empirically analyze the transformation of Magoksa Temple’s national status during the Joseon Dynasty. The Joseon-period section of the Magoksa Sajeok opens with a narrative of King Sejo bestowing calligraphy on Yeongsanjeon Hall, establishing a royal association with the temple. However, a comparative review with the Sillok reveals that this account was embellished in later periods. In reality, Magoksa initially held the position of a major local temple within its district.
After experiencing decline due to wartime devastation, Magoksa Temple was rebuilt in 1650 with support from the local magistrate. From the late 17th to early 18th century, the temple was maintained through sustained support from local officials and management by the monastic community. Following a major fire in 1782, financial assistance from the provincial governor facilitated its restoration. The transition in patronage from local magistrates to provincial governors reflects Magoksa’s elevation to the status of a major provincial temple in the late 18th century.
In 1855, Magoksa Temple began forming an official relationship with the state through government-supported renovations. Although the Magoksa Sajeok claims a connection with King Sunjo in the late 18th century, this account is also shown to be embellished. In 1857, Magoksa was designated as a temple under the jurisdiction of Naesusa, and the issuance of a wanmun formalized the state’s protection of the temple. In 1891, it was recognized as a royal prayer temple for the king, further solidifying its national status. Thus, Magoksa exemplifies the rise of a temple from major local institution to one of national importance over the course of the Joseon Dynasty.